One of the challenges that individuals with ASD may face is controlling their saliva. This can manifest in a variety of ways, including excessive drooling, spitting, and mouthing objects.
According to a source on Big Abilities, “most behaviors serve a function. The child may be trying to communicate that they want to gain attention, avoid something they do not like, or gain access to something they want.”
Furthermore, another source on Big Abilities suggests that saliva control challenges in individuals with ASD may be related to sensory stimulation, communication, and attention-seeking behaviors.
It is important to note that excessive drooling and other saliva control challenges in individuals with ASD may also be related to medical issues, such as dental problems or medication side effects. It is important to rule out any medical causes before addressing the behavior.
Health Implications of Holding Saliva
Individuals with autism might hold saliva in their mouths due to sensory issues, anxiety, or other reasons. While this behavior might not seem harmful, it can have health implications that need to be addressed.
Oral Health Concerns
Holding saliva in the mouth for extended periods can lead to dry mouth, which can cause bad breath, tooth decay, gum disease, and other oral health problems. Saliva helps neutralize the acids produced by bacteria in the mouth, which can erode tooth enamel and cause cavities. When saliva production is reduced, the mouth becomes more acidic, which can lead to demineralization of the teeth and other oral health issues.
Individuals with autism might also have difficulty with oral hygiene, which can exacerbate the negative effects of holding saliva in the mouth. According to a study published in the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, individuals with autism have a higher risk of dental caries, periodontal disease, and other oral health problems due to poor oral hygiene practices.
Digestive System Considerations
Holding saliva in the mouth can also have implications for the digestive system. Saliva contains enzymes that help break down food and begin the digestive process. When saliva production is reduced, the digestive system might not function optimally, leading to issues such as bloating, constipation, and malabsorption of nutrients.
Furthermore, holding saliva in the mouth can increase the risk of aspiration, which occurs when food or liquid enters the lungs instead of the stomach. Aspiration can lead to pneumonia and other respiratory issues, which can be particularly dangerous for individuals with compromised immune systems.
Behavioral Aspects and Management
Reasons for Holding Saliva
Children with autism may hold saliva in their mouths due to a variety of reasons. One possible reason is sensory processing difficulties. According to a study published in the National Institutes of Health, children with autism may have sensory sensitivities that make it difficult for them to tolerate certain textures and sensations in their mouths. As a result, they may hold saliva in their mouth as a way to avoid these unpleasant sensations.
Another reason for holding saliva may be related to communication difficulties. Children with autism may have difficulty communicating their needs and wants, which can lead to frustration and anxiety. Holding saliva in their mouth may be a way for them to communicate their discomfort or need for attention.
Behavioral Interventions
Behavioral interventions can be effective in reducing the frequency and intensity of holding saliva in the mouth. One approach is to identify the function of the behavior. For example, if the behavior is related to sensory processing difficulties, interventions that address sensory sensitivities may be helpful. These may include sensory integration therapy, which aims to help children regulate their sensory processing, and desensitization therapy, which gradually exposes children to sensory stimuli in a controlled way.
Another approach is to use positive reinforcement to encourage appropriate behaviors. For example, a child who is holding saliva in their mouth may be rewarded for spitting it out or swallowing it. This can help reinforce appropriate oral hygiene habits and reduce the frequency of holding saliva in the mouth.
Communication Strategies
Effective communication strategies can also help reduce the frequency of holding saliva in the mouth. For example, parents and caregivers can use visual supports, such as picture schedules or social stories, to help children understand the expectations for oral hygiene. They can also use clear, concise language and provide frequent reminders to encourage appropriate behaviors.
In addition, parents and caregivers can work with healthcare professionals, such as dentists and speech-language pathologists, to develop individualized treatment plans that address the specific needs of the child. This may include strategies for improving oral motor skills, such as exercises to strengthen the tongue and jaw muscles, as well as strategies for improving communication and social skills.
Therapeutic Approaches
Children with autism who have a saliva obsession may benefit from a combination of therapeutic approaches. Two such approaches are occupational therapy techniques and speech therapy exercises.
Occupational Therapy Techniques
Occupational therapy techniques can help children with autism develop the skills they need to manage their saliva obsession. One technique that may be helpful is sensory integration therapy, which involves exposing the child to different textures and sensations to help them become more comfortable with different types of oral stimulation. Another technique that may be helpful is oral motor therapy, which involves exercises that help strengthen the muscles used for chewing and swallowing.
Speech Therapy Exercises
Speech therapy exercises can also be helpful for children with autism who have a saliva obsession. One exercise that may be beneficial is tongue strengthening exercises, which can help improve the child’s ability to control their saliva. Another exercise that may be helpful is oral motor exercises, which can improve the child’s ability to chew and swallow.
It is important to note that every child with autism is different, and what works for one child may not work for another. Therefore, it is important to work with a qualified therapist who can develop a customized treatment plan based on the child’s individual needs.
